Abstract: The keypad control properties of cell phone chipsets are often stretched to their limits when an operating system or application needs to detect multiple keypresses (e.g. Ctrl-Alt-Del and gaming controls). The MAX7359 is an ideal add-on key-switch controller for implementing multifunctional and gaming keys on a PDA/smartphone QWERTY keypad. The MAX7359 can be connected to the cell phone chipset through an I²C interface, and simple program coding can be used to select a set of desired features. Overview of the MAX7359 The MAX7359 is a low-power-consumption, special-purpose key-switch controller suitable for cell phones, printers, and other portable applications. Up to 64 keys can be implemented with this device. Separate keypress and release codes are assigned for every key. Multiple keys can be pressed simultaneously and/or held and released in different orders. Up to 16 keypress and release entries can be held in a FIFO register. Key-activity information collected by the MAX7359 is read through a simple I²C interface at one keypress or release entry per byte. To enhance the device’s noise immunity, the detection of a keypress can be debounced. In other words, each pressed key is scanned twice within a very short time interval before it is detected. To reduce power consumption, the MAX7359 consumes only 1.2µA in sleep mode while waiting for key activities. Upon a keypress, the controller wakes up in less than 200µs to collect the keypress/release information. After a specified key-activity idle time of between 0.256s and 8s, the device re-enters sleep mode. Note that key FIFO information can be accessed even in sleep mode. To relieve the host from permanent attention, an interrupt signal can be generated once a key is pressed or when the FIFO has reached a predefined amount of entries. The interrupt signal can be cleared by reading the device through the I²C interface or when the FIFO is emptied. The MAX7359 is an enhanced version of the MAX7349 with a 1.8V to 3.3V supply-voltage range. Figure 1 shows the typical connection of the MAX7359 to a host through the I²C interface. Because of the open-drain ports on the I²C interface, the MAX7359 is capable of interfacing to a host with a different supply voltage. Figure 1. Connecting the MAX7359 through an I²C interface. Programming the MAX7359 Key-activity information is contained in the FIFO, and the desired operational features are defined by other registers inside the controller. The register address of the FIFO is 0x00. The configuration register’s address is 0x01, while the rest of the operational features are defined by registers with addresses from 0x02 through 0x06. The contents of a MAX7359 register can be specified using an I²C write command and verified using an I²C read command. An I²C write command starts with the device address of the controller, which can correspond to 0x70, 0x74, 0x78, or 0x7C depending on the specific connection of the AD0 pin, followed by the register address. Following the register addresses, there may be some data bytes. If there is only one data byte present, it will be stored in the register as specified by the preceding byte. When there is more than just one data byte, the first byte is stored in the register as specified, and the next byte is stored in the register whose address is one number higher, and so on. This operation is based on the controller’s register address autoincrement feature. In other words, a write command with 0x70, 0x01, 0x0A, and 0x00 will store the 0x0A byte in register 0x01 and the byte 0x00 in register 0x02. The register address autoincrement feature applies to all writable registers for both write and read commands, with the exception of the FIFO address 0x00. An I²C write command with no data bytes following the register address is normally used to set the register address for the next read command. An I²C read command starts with the device address of the MAX7359, and is followed by one or more data bytes. When there is only one data byte, data is retrieved from the register specified by the preceding write command with no data byte. Otherwise, it is retrieved from the last register accessed by a write or read command. When there is more than one data byte, the first byte is retrieved from the register as specified, and the register address autoincrement mechanism applies to the rest of the data bytes, except for the FIFO register. In other words, repeated reading of FIFO register 0x00 does not require address resetting. During power-on reset, the MAX7359 is readied for operation with key-release detection, keypress wake-up, and autoshutdown features enabled (default settings). Additionally, there are only two columns active for key-switch control and a total of 16 available keys. The rest of the six columns/GPO (general-purpose output) ports are in GPO mode at logic high. The following I²C command structure can be used to activate the six columns/GPO ports for key-switch control and a total of 64 available keys. // A Write Command to disable GPO ports 0x70 // MAX7359 device address 0x02 // GPO enable and debounce register 0x00 // Disable GPO ports and 9ms debounce time The following I²C commands can be used to read a FIFO entry: // A write command to set the register address to 0x00 and a read command from the FIFO // A write 0 data byte to address 0x00 command 0x70 // MAX7359 device address 0x00 // FIFO register // A read one byte from FIFO command 0x71 // MAX7359 device address 0xXX // A data byte from the FIFO. The value depends on what is there The following I²C commands can be used to enable operations of the MAX7359 to monitor 64 keys and to send an interrupt signal when a key is pressed. The interrupt signal is cleared once the MAX7359 is read through the I²C interface. // Initialization More = 0x80 // More keys in the FIFO mask Key = 0x00 // Key code variable 0x70, 0x02, 0x00 // Disable GPO ports 0x70, 0x03, 0x02 // Enable interrupt upon a keypress 0x70, 0x01, 0x2A // Enable interrupt cleared once read // When an interrupt is received 0x70, 0x00 // Set the register address to 0x00 Loop: 0x71, 0xXX // Read the FIFO register Key = 0xXX // Assign the key code to a variable Save the key code // Save the key code for application If (Key | More) go to Loop // If not the last entry, read more key codes Table 1. Keypress Codes Last FIFO Entry   Col. 0 Col. 1 Col. 2 Col. 3 Col. 4 Col. 5 Col. 6 Col. 7 Row 0 0x00 0x08 0x10 0x18 0x20 0x28 0x30 0x38 Row 1 0x01 0x09 0x11 0x19 0x21 0x29 0x31 0x39 Row 2 0x02 0x0A 0x12 0x1A 0x22 0x2A 0x32 0x3A Row 3 0x03 0x0B 0x13 0x1B 0x23 0x2B 0x33 0x3B Row 4 0x04 0x0C 0x14 0x1C 0x24 0x2C 0x34 0x3C Row 5 0x05 0x0D 0x15 0x1D 0x25 0x2D 0x35 0x3D Row 6 0x06 0x0E 0x16 0x1E 0x26 0x2E 0x36 0xBE* Row 7 0x07 0x0F 0x17 0x1F 0x27 0x2F 0x37 0xBF* * Read one more to see if the FIFO is empty. Table 2. Key Release Codes Last FIFO Entry   Col. 0 Col. 1 Col. 2 Col. 3 Col. 4 Col. 5 Col. 6 Col. 7 Row 0 0x40 0x48 0x50 0x58 0x60 0x68 0x70 0x78 Row 1 0x41 0x49 0x51 0x59 0x61 0x69 0x71 0x79 Row 2 0x42 0x4A 0x52 0x5A 0x62 0x6A 0x72 0x7A Row 3 0x43 0x4B 0x53 0x5B 0x63 0x6B 0x73 0x7B Row 4 0x44 0x4C 0x54 0x5C 0x64 0x6C 0x74 0x7C Row 5 0x45 0x4D 0x55 0x5D 0x65 0x6D 0x75 0x7D Row 6 0x46 0x4E 0x56 0x5E 0x66 0x6E 0x76 0xFE* Row 7 0x47 0x4F 0x57 0x5F 0x67 0x6F 0x77 0xFF* * Read one more to see if the FIFO is empty. Table 3. Keypress Codes More in the FIFO   Col. 0 Col. 1 Col. 2 Col. 3 Col. 4 Col. 5 Col. 6 Col. 7 Row 0 0x80 0x88 0x90 0x98 0xA0 0xA8 0xB0 0xB8 Row 1 0x81 0x89 0x91 0x99 0xA1 0xA9 0xB1 0xB9 Row 2 0x82 0x8A 0x92 0x9A 0xA2 0xAA 0xB2 0xBA Row 3 0x83 0x8B 0x93 0x9B 0xA3 0xAB 0xB3 0xBB Row 4 0x84 0x8C 0x94 0x9C 0xA4 0xAC 0xB4 0xBC Row 5 0x85 0x8D 0x95 0x9D 0xA5 0xAD 0xB5 0xBD Row 6 0x86 0x8E 0x96 0x9E 0xA6 0xAE 0xB6 0xBE* Row 7 0x87 0x8F 0x97 0x9F 0xA7 0xAF 0xB7 0xBF* * Read one more to see if the FIFO is empty. Table 4. Key Release Codes More in the FIFO   Col. 0 Col. 1 Col. 2 Col. 3 Col. 4 Col. 5 Col. 6 Col. 7 Row 0 0xC0 0xC8 0xD0 0xD8 0xE0 0xE8 0xF0 0xF8 Row 1 0xC1 0xC9 0xD1 0xD9 0xE1 0xE9 0xF1 0xF9 Row 2 0xC2 0xCA 0xD2 0xDA 0xE2 0xEA 0xF2 0xFA Row 3 0xC3 0xCB 0xD3 0xDB 0xE3 0xEB 0xF3 0xFB Row 4 0xC4 0xCC 0xD4 0xDC 0xE4 0xEC 0xF4 0xFC Row 5 0xC5 0xCD 0xD5 0xDD 0xE5 0xED 0xF5 0xFD Row 6 0xC6 0xCE 0xD6 0xDE 0xE6 0xEE 0xF6 0xFE* Row 7 0xC7 0xCF 0xD7 0xDF 0xE7 0xEF 0xF7 0xFF* * Read one more to see if the FIFO is empty. The key code 0x3F is reserved for FIFO empty. The key code 0x7F is reserved for FIFO overflow indication. The key code 0x3E is reserved for a key repeat and it is the last FIFO entry. The key code 0x7E is reserved for a key repeat with more in the FIFO. 의견을 보내주세요! 위 내용이 도움이 되셨나요? 여러분의 의견을 기다립니다 — Maxim은 보내주신 정정이나 제안사항을 반영하고 있습니다. 이 페이지를 평가하고 의견을 보내주십시오. 자동 업데이트 관심있는 분야의 애플리케이션 노트가 나올 때 자동으로 업데이트 받고 싶으세요? 그렇다면 EE-Mail™을 신청하십시오. 추가 정보   APP 4054: Jun 27, 2007 MAX7349 2-Wire 인터페이스, 낮은 EMI 키 스위치 및 사운더 컨트롤러 전체 데이터 시트 (PDF, 356kB) MAX7359 2-Wire 인터페이스, 낮은 EMI 키 스위치 컨트롤러/GPO 전체 데이터 시트 (PDF, 180kB)   다운로드, PDF 형식 (50kB)  AN4054, AN 4054, APP4054, Appnote4054, Appnote 4054